Medical Information Center    
Common Ear, Nose, and Throat Problems in Children
Concern
& Care

关爱

   
   
Chad Reichard, MSIII Melissa Li

Haiyan Chen,MD,

Yingshan Shi, MD
The page started on 07/03/09, updated on 07/28/2009
 
Web-Links
www.entnet.org
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
www.nidcd.nih.gov
www.aap.org
uchicagokidshospital.org
kidshealth.org
funandeducation.org
evmsent.org
entusa.com
cincinnatichildrens.org
newborns.stanford.edu
pediatric-ent.com
 
Handouts for Patients
Nosebleed
 
Handouts for Medical Education
Ear_Disorders
Speech_Disorders
Sore_Throat
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 




 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
outline 
original 
 
For Newborns
Ear
Ear Anomalies
Ear Pits or Ear Tags
Hearing Loss
Hypoplastic/Low Set Ear
Small Ears (Microtia)
Nose
Choanal Atresia
Dacrocystocele
Dislocated Nasal Septum
Positional Deformity
Tear-Duct Obstruction
Mouth and Throat
Ankyloglossia (Tongue-Tie)
Bifid Uvula
Bohn's Nodules
Cleft lip/ cleft palate
Epstein Pearl
Micrognathia
Natal Teeth
Oral Thrush, Ranula
Face and Neck
Clavicular fracture
Congenital neck masses
  Branchial cleft cyst
Cystic hygroma
Dermoid cysts
Hemangiomas
Muscular Torticollis (Wryneck)
Teratoma
Thyroglossal Duct
Cyst Webbed Neck
For Children
Ear
Symptoms
Dizziness and vertigo
Earaches – Otalgia
Ear drainage - Otorrhea
Ear sound - Tinnitus
Hearing loss
External Ear Disorders
Ear piercing
Earwax
Otitis Externa (Swimmer's ear)
Middle Ear Disorders
Cholesteatoma
Otitis Media
Otitis media with effusion (OME)
Otitis media with ruptured ear drum
Eustachian tube dysfunction
Mastoiditis
Otosclerosis
Inner Ear Disorders
Autoimmune
Meniere’s disease
Perilymphatic fistula (PLF)
Nose
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay fever)
Broken Nose
Deviated Nasal Septum
Loss of Smell-Anosmia
Loss of Taste-Dysgeusia
Nasal Congestion
Nasal Discharge- running nose
Nasal Foreign Object
Nasal Polyps
Nosebleeds - Epistaxis
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Post-Nasal Drip
Sinus Headaches 
Sinusitis
Snoring

Anatomy
uchicagokidshospital.org Ear
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus Ear
kidshealth.org Nose
uchicagokidshospital.org Nose/Throat
Mouth and Throat
Enlarged Adenoids
Enlarged tonsils
Epiglottitis
Foreign bodies in the ear/nose, and airway
Laryngomalacia
Mouth sore
Parotitis
Pharyngitis /Tonsillitis
Salivary glands
Stridor
Swallowing problems

Voice and Speech
Hoarseness
Hyperacusis
Speech and Language
Vocal Cord Paralysis 
Voice Loss-Laryngitis

Face and Neck
Abscess-Peritonsillar
Abscess-Retropharyngeal
Cervical lymphadenitis
Cold Panniculitis
Facial Paralysis
Facial Trauma
Head and Neck Masses
Lymphadenopathy
Salivary Gland Infections
TMJ- Temporo- Mandibular Joint

ENT Procedures
Cochlear implants
Ear tube
Hearing Aids
Nasal Surgery
Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
Common ENT Problems in Newborns
Ear Problems    
Ear Anomalies
stanford.edu/Photo
stanford.edu/Photo
stanford.edu/Photo
thefetus.net
 
Ear Pits or Ear Tags
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
newborns.stanford.edu/Photo
newborns.stanford.edu
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
howstuffworks.com picture
 
Hearing Loss and Screen
funandeducation.org
aap.org babyhearing.org
nlm.nih.gov ndaap.org
healthsystem.virginia.edu
cincinnatichildrens.org
 
Hypoplastic/Low Set Ear
nlm.nih.gov picture
nlm.nih.gov picture
stanford.edu picture
stanford.edu/Photo picture
howstuffworks.com
 
Small Ears (Microtia)
stanford.edul picture
stanford.edu
picture
entnet.org
microtia.net
Nose Problems
Choanal Atresia
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
aappublications.org
childsdoc.orgpictures
emedicine.medscape.com
 
Dacrocystocele
newborns.stanford.edu/Photo
 
Dislocated Nasal Septum
newborns.stanford.edu/Photo
newborns.stanford.edu/Photo
newborns.stanford.edu/Photo
 
Positional Deformity
newborns.stanford.edu/Photo
newborns.stanford.edu/Photo
newborns.stanford.edu/Photo
 
Tear-Duct Obstruction
aapos.org
kidshealth.org
asoprs.org
pedseye.com
Mouth and Throat
Ankyloglossia-TongueTie
stanford.edu/Photo Frenotomy
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu
entnet.org webmd.com
pedsinreview.aappublications.org
 
Bifid Uvula
newborns.stanford.edu/Photo
aap.org
cleftline.org
 
Bohn's Nodules
newborns.stanford.edu/Photo
newborns.stanford.edu/Photo
en.wikipedia.org
simplestepsdental.com
 
Cleft Lip/ Cleft Palate
Mayoclinic.com nlm.nih.gov
stanfordhospital.org
kidshealth.org nidcr.nih.gov
marchofdimes.com
cleftline.org
 
Epstein Pearl
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
newborns.stanford.edu
newborns.stanford.edu
 
Micrognathia
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
umm.edu
howstuffworks.com
en.wikipedia.org
 
Natal Teeth
stanford.edu/Photo1 Photo2
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
lpch.org umm.edu
healthsystem.virginia.edu
 
Oral Thrush
visualdxhealth.com
kidshealth.org
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
mayoclinic.com
 
Ranula
ghorayeb.com
 
 
 

Face and Neck

Clavicular Fracture
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus photo
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
orthoinfo.aaos.org photo
orthoinfo.aaos.org
 
Congenital Neck Masses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common ENT Problems in Children
Ear Problems - Symptoms
Dizziness and Vertigo
entassociates.com
mayoclinic.com
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
 
Earaches – Otalgia
familydoctor.org
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
entusa.com
seattlechildrens.org
 
Ear drainage - Otorrhea
pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu
mcg.edu
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
 
Ear sound - Tinnitus
mayoclinic.com
nlm.nih.gov
nidcd.nih.gov
 
Hearing Loss
uchicagokidshospital.org
asha.org
nidcd.nih.gov
medicinenet.com
External Ear
Ear piercing
youngwomenshealth.org
betterhealth.vic.gov.au
cyh.com
 
Earwax
entnet.org
kidshealth.org
funandeducation.org
 
Swimmer's Ear-Otitis Externa
uchicagokidshospital.org
familydoctor.org
emedicine.medscape.com
aafp.org
 
 
 
 
 
 
Middler Ear and Inner Ear
Cholesteatoma
entnet.org
nlm.nih.gov
nycornell.org
 
Otitis Media - OM
uchicagokidshospital.org
funandeducation.org
nlm.nih.gov nidcd.nih.gov
aappolicy.aappublications.org
 
OM with effusion (OME)
familydoctor.org
cdc.gov
aafp.org
 
OM -Ruptured Ear Drum
mayoclinic.com
nlm.nih.gov
emedicinehealth.com
 
Eustachian tube dysfunction
bcm.edu
emedicine.medscape.com
mayoclinic.com
 
Mastoiditis
uchicagokidshospital.org
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
healthsystem.virginia.edu
childrensnyp.org
 
Otosclerosis
nidcd.nih.gov
nlm.nih.gov
american-hearing.org
med.umn.edu
 
Autoimmune Inner Ear Dis
entnet.org
american-hearing.org
vestibular.org
 
Meniere’s Disease
nidcd.nih.gov
american-hearing.org
oto2.wustl.edu
mayoclinic.com
 
Perilymphatic Fistula (PLF)
american-hearing.org
emedicine.medscape.com
bcm.edu
Nose Problems
Allergic Rhinitis-Hay Fever
uchicagokidshospital.org
aaaai.org
emedicinehealth.com
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
mayoclinic.com
 
Broken Nose
aafp.org
mayoclinic.com
lifesteps.com
entnet.org
 
Deviated Nasal Septum
uchicagokidshospital.org
mayoclinic.com
entnet.org
nmihi.com
 
Loss of Smell-Anosmia
mayoclinic.com
bcm.edu
american-rhinologic.org
 
Loss of Taste-Dysgeusia
nidcd.nih.gov
nlm.nih.gov
american-rhinologic.org
 
Nasal Congestion
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
mayoclinic.com
umm.edu
 
Nasal Discharge- running nose
mayoclinic.com
familydoctor.org
medicinenet.com
mayoclinic.com
 
Nasal Foreign Object
mayoclinic.com
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
virtualpediatrichospital.org
 
Nasal Polyps
mayoclinic.com
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
american-rhinologic.org
emedicine.medscape.com
 
Nosebleeds - Epistaxis
uchicagokidshospital.org
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
pdrhealth.com aafp.org
visualdxhealth.com
 
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
uchicagokidshospital.org
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
nhlbi.nih.gov
sleepapnea.org
 
Post-Nasal Drip
entnet.org
entassociates.com
medicinenet.com
 
Sinus Headaches 
mayoclinic.com
entnet.org
umm.edu
hmc.psu.edu
 
Sinusitis
american-rhinologic.org
uchicagokidshospital.org
niaid.nih.gov nlm.nih.gov
umm.edu cdc.gov
mayoclinic.com
 
Snoring
kidshealth.org
sleepforkids.org
medpagetoday.com
Mouth and Throat Problems
Enlarged Adenoids
kidshealth.org
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
umm.edu/
 
Enlarged tonsils
itonsil.com
kidshealth.org
 
Epiglottitis
mayoclinic.com
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
childrenshospital.org
 
Foreign Bodies in Airway
 
 
Laryngomalacia
chop.edu
choa.org
cssd.us
 
Mouth Sore
ada.org
nlm.nih.gov
entnet.org
 
Parotitis
nlm.nih.gov
emedicine.medscape.com
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
Recurrent Juvenile Parotitis
 
Pharyngitis /Tonsillitis
uchicagokidshospital.org
mayoclinic.com
nlm.nih.gov
aafp.org
 
Salivary glands
entnet.org
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
wikipedia.org
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
 
Stridor
uchicagokidshospital.org
uchicagokidshospital.org
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
emedicine.medscape.com
nlhep.org
 
Swallowing Problems
mayoclinic.com
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
ohiohealth.com
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Voice and Speech
Hoarseness
entnet.org
entassociates.com
nlm.nih.gov
aafp.org
 
Hyperacusis
entnet.org
hyperacusis.net
hyperacusis.org
 
Speech and Language
asha.org/public
nidcd.nih.gov
kidshealth.org
uchicagokidshospital.org
 
Vocal Cord Paralysis
nidcd.nih.gov
entnet.org
mayoclinic.com
 
Voice Loss-Laryngitis
entcenter.net
emedicinehealth.com
mayoclinic.com
Face and Neck
Abscess-Peritonsillar
emedicine.medscape.com
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
aafp.org/
 
Abscess-Retropharyngeal
emedicine.medscape.com
nlm.nih.gov
umm.edu
 
Cervical lymphadenitis
emedicine.medscape.com
nlm.nih.gov
 
Cold Panniculitis
emedicine.medscape.com
derm.theclinics.com
healthscout.com
 
Facial Paralysis
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
stlouischildrens.org
utmb.edu
mayoclinic.com
 
Facial Trauma
emedicine.medscape.com
nlm.nih.gov
aaoms.org
 
Head and Neck Masses
uchicagokidshospital.org
mayoclinic.org
entnet.org
mdanerson.org
 
Lymphadenopathy
uchicagokidshospital.org
healthsystem.virginia.edu
aafp.org
emedicine.medscape.com
 
TMJ
Temporo Mandibular Joint
emedicinehealth.com
mayoclinic.com umm.edu
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
 
 
 
ENT Procedures
Cochlear Implants
nidcd.nih.gov
mayoclinic.org
med.umich.edu
ahaanet.com
 
Ear Tube
uchicagokidshospital.org
mayoclinic.com
kidshealth.org
medicinenet.com
 
Hearing Aids
uchicagokidshospital.org
kidshealth.org
asha.org
mayoclinic.com
 
Nasal Surgery
entnet.org
nlm.nih.gov
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
american-rhinologic.org
 
Tonsillectomy/ Adenoidectomy
uchicagokidshospital.org
nlm.nih.gov
entnet.org
emedicine.medscape.com
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

General Information
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/pediatric.cfm 
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/earnoseandthroat.html
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/
http://www.aap.org/parents.html
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/specialties/ent/
http://kidshealth.org/Search01.jsp
http://www.funandeducation.org/healthinfo.htm
http://www.evmsent.org/pediatric_ent.asp
http://www.entusa.com/medical_info_2.htm
http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/info/ent/default.htm
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery
http://www.pediatric-ent.com/learning/problems

Common ENT Problems in Newborns
Ear Problems
Ear anomalies (Stahl's, Lop, or Cup ears)*
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/StahlsEar1.html picture
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/LopEar1.html picture
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/CupEar1.html picture http://www.thefetus.net/page.php?id=205 picture

Ear pits and ear tags
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/1126.htm picture only
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/EarPit1.html picture only
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/EarTag1.html picture
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003304.htm
http://healthguide.howstuffworks.com/preauricular-tag-or-pit-dictionary.htm picture

Hearing Loss
http://www.funandeducation.org/Health/heathinfo/general/hearing%20screen.htm
http://www.aap.org/publiced/BR_HearingScreen.htm
http://www.babyhearing.org/
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007322.htm
http://www.ndaap.org/hearing.htm
http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/peds_hrnewborn/hear.cfm
http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/info/ent/procedure/hearing-tests.htm

Hypoplastic/low set ear
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/17281.htm picture
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003303.htm picture
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/HypoplasticEar1.html picture
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/HypoplasticEar2.html picture http://healthguide.howstuffworks.com/pinna-abnormalities-and-low-set-ears-dictionary.htm picture

Small ears (Microtia)
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/Microtia2.html picture http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/Microtia1.html picture
http://www.entnet.org/Practice/policyTreatmentMicrotiaAnotia.cfm
http://www.microtia.net/

Nose
Choanal Atresia
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001642.htm
http://pedsinreview.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/16/12/475
http://www.childsdoc.org/fall98/choanal/choanal.asp pictures
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/872409-overview

Dacrocystocele
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/Dacrocystoceles1.html pictures

Tear-Duct Obstruction
http://www.aapos.org/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=74
http://kidshealth.org/parent/general/eyes/tear_duct_obstruct_surgery.html
http://www.asoprs.org/files/public/InfoCongenLacOb.pdf
http://www.pedseye.com/topics_tear_duct_obstruction.htm

Dislocated Nasal Septum
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/DislocatedSeptum1.html pictures
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/DislocatedSeptum2.html pictures
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/DislocatedSeptum3.html pictures
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/facialSportsInjuries.cfm sport

Positional Deformity
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/CompressedNose1.html pictures
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/CompressedNose2.html pictures
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/CompressedNose3.html picture

Mouth and Throat
Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie)
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/Ankyloglossia1.html picture
http://newborns.stanford.edu/Frenotomy.html pictures
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001640.htm
http://pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu/tongueTie.html
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/Ankyloglossia.cfm
http://children.webmd.com/tc/tongue-tie-topic-overview
http://pedsinreview.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/16/9/345

Bifid Uvula
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/BifidUvula1.html picture
http://www.aap.org/commpeds/dochs/oralhealth/pact/ch11_sect2d.cfm
http://www.cleftline.org/publications/submucous

Bohn's Nodules
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/BohnsNodules1.html picture
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/BohnsNodules2.html picture
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohn's_nodules
http://www.simplestepsdental.com/SS/ihtSS/r.WSIHW000/st.31840/t.32478/pr.3.html

Cleft lip/ cleft palate
http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/cleft-palate/DS00738/DSECTION=all&METHOD=print pictures
http://stanfordhospital.org/clinicsmedServices/COE/surgicalServices/plasticReconstructive/
patientEducation/A_E/cleft.html

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cleftlipandpalate.html picture
http://kidshealth.org/kid/health_problems/birth_efect/cleft_lip_palate.html
http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/DataStatistics/FindDataByTopic/CraniofacialBirthDefects/
PrevalenceCleft+LipCleftPalate.htm

http://www.marchofdimes.com/pnhec/4439_1210.asp
http://www.cleftline.org/
http://www.cleftline.org/publications/submucous

Epstein pearl
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001603.htm
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/EpsteinPearl1.html picture
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/EpsteinPearl2.html picture

Micrognathia (small lower jaw)
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003306.htm picture
http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/003306.htm
http://healthguide.howstuffworks.com/micrognathia-dictionary.htm picture
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrognathism

Natal teeth
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/Teeth1.html picture
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/Teeth2.html picture
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003268.htm
http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/dental/natal.html
http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/peds_dental/natal.cfm
http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/003268.htm

Oral Thrush
http://www.visualdxhealth.com/child/oralCandidiasisThrush.htm picture
http://kidshealth.org/parent/newborn/basics/thrush.html
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000626.htm
http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/oral-thrush/DS00408/DSECTION=all&METHOD=print

Ranula
http://www.ghorayeb.com/Ranula.html picture only

Face and Neck
Clavicular Fracture
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/9044.htm photo
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001588.htm
http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00072
http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00394

Congenital neck masses
http://www.childrenshospital.org/az/Site2194/mainpageS2194P0.html
http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/ent/neckoverview.html
http://www.pediatric-ent.com/learning/problems/lump_neck.htm
http://www.otohns.net/default.asp?id=15216

Branchial Cleft Cyst
http://www.childrenshospital.org/az/Site663/mainpageS663P0.html
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001396.htm
http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/ent/brnchlcleft.html
http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/001396.htm

Cystic hygroma
http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/ent/lympmalform.html
http://genetics.emory.edu/pdf/Emory_Human_Genetics_Cystic_Hygroma.PDF
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000148.htm

Dermoid cysts
http://www.childrenshospital.org/az/Site2194/mainpageS2194P0.html
http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/ent/dermcyst.html
http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/sdermoid-cysthttp://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/peds_ent/dermcyst.cfm

Hemangiomas
http://www.aad.org/public/publications/pamphlets/common_vascular.html
http://kidshealth.org/kid/talk/qa/birthmark.html
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001459.htm
http://www.visualdxhealth.com/infant/infantileHemangioma.htm
http://www.childrenshospital.org/az/Site998/mainpageS998P0.html picture

Muscular Torticollis (Wryneck)
http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00054
http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/peds_ent/wryneck.cfm
http://www.orthoseek.com/articles/congenmt.html
http://www.oandp.org/jpo/library/2004_04S_018.asp

Teratoma
http://www.childrenshospital.org/az/Site688/mainpageS688P0.html
http://www.gfmer.ch/genetic_diseases_v2/gendis_detail_list.php?cat3=258
http://www.fetalcarecenter.org/fetal-surgery/ct/default.htm

Thyroglossal Duct Cyst
http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/ent/thyrgduct.html
http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/peds_ent/thyrduct.cfm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroglossal_cyst
http://www.bcm.edu/oto/grand/111804.htm

Webbed Neck
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webbed_neck
http://www.genome.gov/19519119

Children Ear Problems – Symptoms
Dizziness and Vertigo
http://www.entassociates.com/dizziness.htm
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/dizziness/ds00435
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/dizzinessandvertigo.html

Otalgia
http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/children/parents/common/ent/055.html
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003046.htm
http://www.entusa.com/ear_pain_&_discomfort.htm
http://www.seattlechildrens.org/child_health_safety/health_advice/earache.asp

Otorrhea
http://pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu/otorrhea.html
http://www.mcg.edu/pediatrics/CCNotebook/chapter2/otorrhea.htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=cm&part=A3683

Tinnitus
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/tinnitus/DS00365
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tinnitus.html
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/noiseinear.asp

Hearing Loss
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02042
http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/disorders/
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/
http://www.medicinenet.com/detecting_hearing_loss_in_children/article.htm

Children Ear Problems - External Ear
Ear piercing
http://www.youngwomenshealth.org/body-piercing.html
http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Ear_and_body_piercing_
avoiding_infections?OpenDocument

http://www.cyh.com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetails.aspx?p=243&np=292&id=2227

Earwax
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/earwax.cfm
http://kidshealth.org/kid/talk/yucky/earwax.html
http://www.funandeducation.org/Health/heathinfo/ent/earwax.htm

Otitis Externa
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02059
http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/common/infections/common/bacterial/657.html
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/763918-overview
http://www.aafp.org/afp/20010301/927.html

Children Ear Problems – Middle Ear
Cholesteatoma
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/cholesteatoma.cfm
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001050.htm
http://www.nycornell.org/ent/cholesteatoma.html

Otitis Media
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02057
http://www.funandeducation.org/Health/heathinfo/ent/om.htm
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tutorials/otitismedia/htm/index.htm
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/otitism.asp
http://aappolicy.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/pediatrics;113/5/1451 for doctors

OME
http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/children/parents/common/ent/330.html
http://www.cdc.gov/getsmart/antibiotic-use/URI/ear-infection.html
http://www.aafp.org/online/en/home/clinical/clinicalrecs/otitismedia.html

OM with ruptured eardrum
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/ruptured-eardrum/DS00499
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001038.htm
http://www.emedicinehealth.com/perforated_eardrum/article_em.htm

Eustachian tube dysfunction
http://www.bcm.edu/oto/jsolab/eust_tub.htm
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/874348-overview
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/plugged-ears/an01740

Mastoiditis
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02048
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001034.htm
http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/peds_ent/mastoid.cfm
http://childrensnyp.org/mschony/P02048.html

Otosclerosis
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/otosclerosis.asp
http://www.american-hearing.org/disorders/hearing/otosclerosis.html
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001036.htm
http://www.med.umn.edu/otol/library/otoscler.htm

Children Ear Problems – Inner Ear
Autoimmune disease of the inner ear
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/autoimmuneInnerEar.cfm
http://www.american-hearing.org/disorders/autoimmune/autoimmune.html
http://www.vestibular.org/vestibular-disorders/specific-disorders/autoimmunity.php

Meniere’s disease
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/balance/meniere.asp
http://www.american-hearing.org/disorders/menieres/menieres.html
http://oto2.wustl.edu/men/
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/menieres-disease/DS00535/DSECTION
=tests%2Dand%2Ddiagnosis

Perilymphatic fistula
http://www.american-hearing.org/disorders/unilat/perilymph_fistula.html
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/764117-overview
http://www.bcm.edu/oto/grand/102193.html

Face and Neck Problems
Enlarged adenoids
http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/ears/adenoids.html
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001649.htm
http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/001649.htm

Enlarged tonsils
http://www.itonsil.com/tonsils_tonsillitis.html
http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/ears/tonsil.html

Epiglottitis
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/epiglottitis/DS00529/DSECTION=symptoms
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000605.htm
http://www.childrenshospital.org/az/Site2196/mainpageS2196P0.html

Foreign bodies in the ear/nose, and airway
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02035
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/872498-overview
http://www.pediatric-ent.com/learning/surgeries/airway_removal.htm
http://www.commonwealthent.com/Foreign_Bodies___EarNose.htm

Laryngomalacia
http://www.chop.edu/consumer/your_child/condition_section_index.jsp?id=-10433
http://www.choa.org/default.aspx?id=7049
http://www.cssd.us/body.cfm?id=464

Mouth sore
http://www.ada.org/public/topics/mouth_sores.asp
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003059.htm
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/mouthSores.cfm

Parotitis
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001041.htm
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/882461-treatment
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/mumps.html
Recurrent Juvenile Parotitis

Pharyngitis /Tonsillitis
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02069
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/tonsillitis/ds00273
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000655.htm
http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040315/1465.html

Salivary Glands
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/salivaryGlands.cfm
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/salivaryglanddisorders.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001041.htm

Stridor
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02066
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02031
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003074.htm
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/995267-overview
http://www.nlhep.org/books/pul_Pre/wheezing-stridor.html

Swallowing problems
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/difficulty-swallowing/DS00523/
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003115.htm
http://www.ohiohealth.com/bodymayo.cfm?id=6&action=detail&ref=1327

Nose Problems
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay fever)
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02061
http://www.aaaai.org/patients/publicedmat/tips/rhinitis.stm
http://www.emedicinehealth.com/hay_fever/article_em.htm
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/hayfever.html
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hay-fever/ds00174

Broken Nose
http://www.aafp.org/afp/20041001/1315.html
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/broken-nose/DS00992/METHOD=print
http://www.lifesteps.com/gm/Atoz/ency/nasal_trauma.jsp
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/Nasal-Fractures.cfm

Deviated Nasal Septum
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02062
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/deviated-septum/DS00977
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/deviatedSeptum.cfm
http://www.nmihi.com/n/deviated-nasal-septum.htm

Loss of Smell- Anosmia
http://mayoclinic.com/health/loss-of-smell/MY00408
http://www.bcm.edu/oto/grand/91594.html
http://www.american-rhinologic.org/patientinfo.loss.phtml

Loss of Taste -Dysgeusia
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/smelltaste/taste.asp
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003050.htm
http://www.american-rhinologic.org/patientinfo.loss.phtml

Nasal Congestion
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003049.htm
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/nasal-congestion/MY00178
http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/003049.htm

Nasal Discharge- Rhinorrhea
http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/runny-nose/MY00177/
METHOD=print&DSECTION=all

http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/children/parents
/common/ent/328.html

http://www.medicinenet.com/runny_nose/symptoms.htm
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/runny-nose/MY00177

Nasal Foreign Object
http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/first-aid/FA00054/METHOD=print
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000037.htm
http://www.virtualpediatrichospital.org/patients/cqqa/foreignbody.shtml

Nasal Polyps
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/nasal-polyps/DS00498
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001641.htm
http://www.american-rhinologic.org/patientinfo.nasalpolyps.phtml
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/861353-overview

Nosebleeds- Epistaxis
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02055
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003106.htm
http://www.pdrhealth.com/disease/disease-mono.aspx?contentFileName
=ND1355G.xml&contentName=Epistaxis&contentId=503&TypeId=2

http://www.aafp.org/afp/20050115/305.html
http://www.visualdxhealth.com/firstaid/firstAidNosebleed.htm

Obstructive sleep apnea
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02026
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000811.htm
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/SleepApnea/SleepApnea
_WhatIs.html

http://www.sleepapnea.org/resources/pubs/treatment.html

Post-Nasal Drip
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/postNasalDrip.cfm
http://www.entassociates.com/post_nasal_drip.htm
http://www.medicinenet.com/chronic_rhinitis/article.htm

Sinus Headaches 
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/sinus-headaches/DS00647
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/sinusHeadaches.cfm
http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/sinus-headache-000073.htm
http://www.hmc.psu.edu/healthinfo/s/sinusheadache.htm

Sinusitis
http://www.american-rhinologic.org/patientinfo.childhood.phtml
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02063
http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/topics/sinusitis/
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/sinusitis.html
http://www.umm.edu/patiented/articles/what_symptoms_of_
sinusitis_000062_4.htm

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/chronic-sinusitis/ds00232
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/sinuses.htm

Snoring
http://kidshealth.org/kid/health_problems/teeth/snoring.html
http://www.sleepforkids.org/html/snoring.html
http://www.medpagetoday.com/Surgery/Otolaryngology/6983

Face and Neck
Abscess- Peritonsillar
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/764188-overview
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000986.htm
http://www.aafp.org/afp/20020101/93.html

Abscess- Retropharyngeal
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/764421-overview
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/MEDLINEPLUS/ency/article/000984.htm
http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/000984prv.htm

Cervical Lymphadenitis
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/960858-overview
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001301.htm

Cold Panniculitis
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1082003-overview
http://www.derm.theclinics.com/article/S0733-8635(08)00047-8/abstract
http://www.healthscout.com/ency/68/175/main.html

Facial Paralysis
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003028.htm
http://www.stlouischildrens.org/content/medservices/FacialParalysisandMobiusSyndrome.htm
http://www.utmb.edu/otoref/Grnds/face961.htm
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/bells-palsy/DS00168

Facial Trauma
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1283568-overview
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001062.htm
http://www.aaoms.org/facial_injury.php

Head and Neck Masses
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02053
http://www.mayoclinic.org/head-neck-tumors/
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/pediatricHeadNeckTumors.cfm
http://www.mdanerson.org/patient-and-cancer-information/cancer-information/cancer-types/head-and-neck-cancer/index.html

Lymphadenopathy
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02044
http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/peds_ent/lymphpathy.cfm
http://www.aafp.org/afp/981015ap/ferrer.html
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/956340-overview

TMJ- Temporo-Mandibular Joint
http://www.emedicinehealth.com/temporomandibular_joint_tmj_syndrome/article_em.htm
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/tmj-disorders/ds00355
http://www.umm.edu/oralhealth/tmd.htm
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001227.htm

Voice and Speech
Hoarseness
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/hoarseness.cfm
http://www.entassociates.com/hoarseness.htm
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003054.htm
http://www.aafp.org/afp/980600ap/rosen.html

Hyperacusis
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/hyperacusis-increasedsensitivity.cfm
http://www.hyperacusis.net/
http://www.hyperacusis.org/

Speech and language
http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/voice/speechandlanguage.asp
http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/sight/speech_disorders.html
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02042

Vocal Cord Paralysis 
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/voice/vocalparal.htm
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/vocalChordParalysis.cfm
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/vocal-cord-paralysis/DS00670

Voice loss- Laryngitis
http://www.entcenter.net/id283.htm
http://www.emedicinehealth.com/laryngitis/article_em.htm
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/laryngitis/DS00366

ENT Procedures
Cochlear implants
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/coch.asp
http://www.mayoclinic.org/cochlear-implants/procedure.html
http://www.med.umich.edu/oto/ci/implant.htm
http://www.ahaanet.com/children_faq.asp

Ear Tubes (tympanostomy tubes)
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02050
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/ear-tubes/MY00601
http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/ears/ear_infections.html
http://www.medicinenet.com/ear_tubes/article.htm

Hearing Aids
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02041
http://kidshealth.org/parent/general/eyes/hear.html
http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/treatment/child_aids.htm
http://mayoclinic.com/health/hearing-aids/HQ00812

Nose Surgery
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/noseSurgery.cfm
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002983.htm
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/presentations/100070_1.htm
http://american-rhinologic.org/patientinfo.surgerycomplications.phtml

Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02067
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003013.htm
http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/tonsillectomyProcedures.cfm
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/872119-overview

Anatomy
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02025 Ear
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/1092.htm Ear
http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/nose.html Nose
http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02027 Nose and Throat
Anatomy
uchicagokidshospital.org Ear
nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus Ear
kidshealth.org Nose
uchicagokidshospital.org Nose and Throat