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Yingshan Shi, MD |
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The page started on May 22, 2006, updated on Sept. 10, 2007 |
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Bandages over the heel of newborn (5 days old girl May 22, 2006)
- You can take off the bandages several hours after they were put on.
- The skin could turn to white and/or will have moisture if bandages are left on the skin too long.
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Breast enlargement
- Caused by hormones from the mother into the baby's body.
- Usually disappears over several weeks; sometimes it takes 2 to 3 month to subside.
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Dry skin
- First, you can use baby lotion.
- If it doesn’t work, then try Petroleum jelly. Parents usually prefer to use the jelly and baby lotion at 1:1 ratio, which will not be too greasy.
- Some physicians or parents prefer other skin moisturizers, such as Aquaphor, Eucerin, or Aveeno, Lubriderm, or ….
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Cord (Navel)
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Keep it dry by wiping it with alcohol 2-3 times a day.
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The cord stump usually falls off in 10-14 days.
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If the cord stump does not fall within one month, check with physician.
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It is normal to have a small amount yellow or dark green discharge when the cord is falling.
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Call your baby’s physician if the skin around the cord turns to red, and starts swelling.
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Clean outside |
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Clean inside |
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No redness around cord |
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Yellow discharge when cord is falling (no infection) |
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Feeding - weight loss and weight gain
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Usually full-term babies lose weight on 1st several days and lose less than 7-10 % of their birth weight within the first 3-4 days of life. Then, they gain weight 1-2 oz daily after day 3 or day 4, and return to their birth weight before day 7-10.
- If your baby has lost 5 to 6% or more of their birth weight on the day of discharge from Nursery, usually day 2 of life for normal vaginal delivery, or day 3 of life for cesarean section, the baby needs to be followed up with their physicians closely.
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Feeding - My baby only gained half an oz per day. Is that normal?
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You may find it turns out as normal in some books, but is rare for my patients.
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If you leave the baby alone to grow half an oz daily, you may expect a small stomach volume and a borderline low weight growing curve for your baby.
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I usually try hard to work with parents to negotiate with the baby’s stomach. Most of the time we win.
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The 1 st one and two months is the critical period for babies to develop their habits, such as feeding, head position, the way of feeling comfortable, and so on.
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There are tons of ways to help babies gain weight, but to be successful you must mainly depend on the needs of individual babies.
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Feeding - How much is too much, and how little is too little?
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Recommended daily calorie intake for full-term baby 0-3 month is 115 Kcal/kg/day, which is close to 50 calories per pound of baby weight.
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Breast milk and almost all regular formula contain 20 calories (30 ml) per oz. Then, in average, your baby needs 2.5 oz (50 calories) per pound of your baby weight. For example, your baby may need 15 oz breast milk or formula to gain weight, if his/her weight is 6 pounds (2.5 oz x 6 = 15 oz).
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There is big variation for individual babies. I will say 90% to 95 % the babies’ appetites are close to the rule of 2.5oz (50 calories) per pound of body weight, but there are some babies in my practice that need 3.5oz (70 calories) to 4.0 oz (80 calories) per pound of body weight to gain weight, and one baby only needs 1.25oz (25 calories) per pound of body weight to achieve normal weight growing.
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The high calorie requiring babies usually are very energetic. They could look at you with “crazy” eyes when lying on the exam table. They grow normal and their thyroid function is also normal. They just want extra calories to gain weight.
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We usually suggest feeding your baby as he/she needs (ad lib).
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If your baby gains weight too quickly, especially with vomiting, that is probably too much.
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If your baby doesn’t gain weight well, especially if he/she keeps crying, you’re probably feeding your baby too little.
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Breast Feeding 12/22/2006 |
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12/19/2005
Birth weight: 3800 gm. Went home on day 2 of life, weight 3810 gm.
The first doctor’s visit on day 5 of life, weight 3629gm, lost 6 oz since discharged from hospital. Mother’s breasts are engorged. But there are only several drops of milk hanging over her nipples when squeeze the breasts.
Mother: My baby cried a lot. I worry about my baby is hungry. |
12/19/2005
“I am hungry.”
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12/22/205
“I am full.”
Gained 7 oz in 3 days
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Dr Shi:
The full-term newborn baby usually has weight loss for initial three days of life, then gains weight 1-2 oz per day. The lost weight usually recovers around day 7 of life.
Your baby is pink, active, suck strongly, breath comfortably, and no fever. He doesn’t have signs of infection. He is most likely crying for hungry. Engorged breast tell me you have enough milk. The drops of breast milk hanging on the nipple when squeezed tell me the lactating ducts (tubes connect breast lobes to nipple) may not open well.
I suggest applying wet warm towel to breast and message the firm area of the breast several minutes before breast-feeding. This will help to open up the lactating ducts. When your baby sucks nipples, you or your husbanded can squeeze the base of breasts to help to open the lactating ducts and push milk out. I would like to get weight check in 2-3 days.
12/22/2005
Father: My baby gained 7 oz in last three days. Warm breast and message worked. |
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Normal Stools
Dark green, green, brown, and yellow.
Loose, pasty, or soft.
Stool is more loose for breast fed babies
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4 days |
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5 days |
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4 days |
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6 days |
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constipation |
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